Egg, Sperm, and Embryo Donation

Thailand's Protection of Children Born Through the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technology Act B.E. 2558 (2015) strictly regulates gamete donation.

1. Egg Donation

Donor Requirements

• Woman aged 20–35
• Good health, no genetic disease
• Maximum 3 donations in a lifetime
• Physical, psychological, and genetic screening
• Spousal consent if married

Recipient Requirements

• Legally married couple only
• Wife unable to produce eggs or has medical contraindication

2. Sperm Donation

• Donor age 20–45
• Donation limit: no more than 10 families with children from same donor
• Screening for infectious and genetic diseases
• Mandatory 6-month quarantine of frozen sperm before use, with repeat HIV/viral testing

3. Embryo Donation

• Usually from couples with excess embryos after successful IVF
• Written consent from both husband and wife of donor couple
• Recipient must be legally married couple

Legal Prohibitions

Process

1. Medical evaluation confirms donation is needed
2. Application to hospital ethics committee
3. Donor screening (medical, lab, psychological)
4. Signed consent from both donor and recipient
5. Procedure (retrieval, fertilization, transfer)
6. Pregnancy and birth follow-up

Anonymity and Legal Parenthood

Donor identity is confidential — anonymous donation. Children born from donation are considered legitimate offspring of the recipient couple from birth.